Flooring manufacturers use this rating to predict a floorings ability to withstand denting and wear. The test is designed to measure the resilience of the tree species by applied force. Today, consumers of hardwood floors are on the hunt for a really high janka hardness rating. The janka test measures the amount of force that it takes to chip or dent a particular type of wood. The term hardwood is a collective term used to describe a variety of wood species. The higher the number is, the harder and more durable the floor. Nov 21, 2019 janka, short for the janka scale or janka hardness rating, is a way of communicating how hard a wood is. Three years later there were locust sprouts coming up. The janka hardness rating indicates how high the relative hardness of a wood species is. By the same token, it also is a good indicator of how hard or easy a species is to saw or nail. This hardness is important in finishing as it is usually a good idea of how porous the wood may be. Meyers hardness test determined the fundamental measure of violence depending on the average pressure applied to induce reentry. The janka rating is a measure of the amount of force required to push a. The janka or side hardness test measures the force required to embed a.
This test measures the ability of a wood species to withstand denting and wear. Each country uses their own set of metrics to calculate this rating. Now, this wood hardness scale is used in determining how hard a particular type of wood is. The janka test measures the amount of force required to embed a 0.
More specifically a number is assigned to the specie of wood based on. A common use of janka hardness ratings is to determine whether a species is continued. Janka values hardness, or janka value is measured with a test of resistance of a sample of wood to denting and wear. Hardness, or janka value is measured with a test of resistance of a sample of wood to denting and wear. Janka hardness test measure the hardness or density of wood. Janka hardness using nonstandard specimens treesearch. Download, fill in and print janka hardnessstability scale charts pdf online here for free.
The janka scale is used to determine the relative hardness of particular domestic or exotic wood species. All nydree engineered flooring products modified rockwell. May 05, 2020 janka hardness scale the janka scale rates the relative hardness of wood. Janka hardness scale for wood side hardness chart of some woods usda wood handbook wood as an. The most common use of janka hardness ratings is to determine whether a species is suitable for use as. The janka hardness test measures the resistance of a sample of wood to denting and wear. The janka pronounced yaynka hardness test measures the resistance of wood flooring products to wear and denting. The janka hardness chart lists woods by their rating.
The industry standard for hardness the hardness of a wood is rated on an industry wide standard known as the janka test. The janka hardness test from the austrianborn emigrant gabriel janka, 18641932 measures the resistance of a sample of wood to denting and wear. A common measurement for wood hardness is the janka scale. The higher the rating, the harder is the species of wood. Janka hardness scale for wood flooring species county floors. Astm d143 janka section was performed on infused, 2 x 2 x 6 solid pieces of all the wood species nydree uses and the janka hardness results were obtained. The janka scale actually rates the trees by measuring hardness. A measure of the hardness of wood, produced by a variation on the brinell hardness test.
The janka scale rates the relative hardness of wood. Hickory pecan, satinwood 1820 afzelia doussie australian wormy chestnut 1810 bangkirai 1798 rosewood 1780 african padauk 1725 blackwood 1720 merbau 1712 kempas 1710 black locust 1700 highland beech. Janka wood hardness scale quality amish furniture hardness. However, it was only in 1927 when janka s scale was standardized by the american society for testing and materials astm. Black locust the wood database lumber identification. Janka hardness test urban floor janka hardness test measure the hardness or density of wood.
Janka hardness rating scale for hardwood floors builddirect. Estimating janka hardness from specific gravity for. It is the industry standard for gauging the ability of various species to tolerate denting and normal wear, as well as being a good indicator of the effort required either to nail or to saw a particular type of wood. Janka events, although mainly used for hardwood species, are often used to measure the density of bamboo floors. The most common use of janka hardness ratings is to determine whether a species is suitable for use as flooring. The brinell test is very useful for construction materials. Mar 01, 2018 the janka hardness scale is a test to rate the relative hardness of a wood flooring. A common use of janka hardness ratings is to determine whether a species is suitable for use as flooring the hardness of wood varies with the direction of. Although vertical wood grain edge is tested, the results are not displayed on the janka hardness scale. Currently side hardness, determined using the janka test, is a primary method used to. Janka hardnessstability scale charts is often used in janka hardness chart, hardness chart, material hardness chart and miscellaneous. How to use the janka hardness test to your advantage. Background hardness is a term that has different meanings to different people. A measure of the hardness of wood, produced by a variation of the brinell hardness test.
As of february 2018, external links modified talk page sections are. It was developed as a variation of brinell test measurement method of hardness of metals. A rating of zero means the flooring is easy to dent and scratch. Patagonian rosewood has a rating of 3840, not 3,000,000. Although it sounds straightforward, janka ratings can get confusing.
In the united states, janka hardness astm d 14394 astm 2006 was initially used as a minimally destructive test for estimating the strength and stiffness properties of wood green et al. Astm d143 janka section was performed on infused, 2 x 2 x 6 solid pieces of all the wood species nydree uses and the janka hardness results were. The janka test measures the amount of force required. Green, research engineer emeritus forest products laboratory, madison, wisconsin introduction in the united states, janka hardness astm d 14394 astm 2006 was initially used as a minimally destruc. Be aware that it is somewhere near the top of the scale for invasiveness. Janka hardness scale definition and applications man.
The test measures the force required to push a steel ball with a diameter of 11. Estimating janka hardness from specific gravity for tropical and temperate species michael c. Depending on the quality of manufacturing, the best bamboo flooring products can range from 3,800 5,000. Janka hardness chart for exotic wood and domestic wood bell. The janka hardness scale rating has become the industry standard for determining whether a given wood is suitable for flooring material. The janka rating is given in poundsforce lbf by measuring how much force is needed to imbed a standard sized steel ball halfway into the wood. Understanding the janka rating scale best laminate. Janka hardness scale definition and applications man of. Janka hardness scale the janka hardness scale lists every species used for hardwood flooring and designates a rating based on how hard and durable said species is against denting and scratching. Retrieved 18 march in sweden it is in kilogramsforce kgfand in australia, either in newtons n or kilonewtons kn. Measuring a woods flat or horizontal grain face is the most general way to determine its hardness. The janka hardness rating is your standard measurement for this purpose. Janka hardwood scale this scale is the worldwide standard for gauging the ability of various species of wood to endure normal wear and tear. Xanthostemon verdugonianus philippines hardest wood is not in the list.
A common use of janka hardness ratings is to determine whether a species is suitable. Janka hardness chart for exotic wood and domestic wood. It is the industry standard for gauging the ability of various species to tolerate denting and normal wear, as well as being a good indicator of the effort required either to nail or to saw a particular type of. The janka hardness scale is used to rate the hardness of wood. Schinopsis balansae quebracho colorado red quebracho.
The janka test is conducted by measuring the force needed to lodge a. The janka hardness test is used to measure the capacity of different species of wood to withstand pressure. Janka hardnessstability scale charts is often used in janka. The janka scale measures the resistance of a sample of wood to denting and wear and is typically expressed in lbf poundsforce or n newtons. It was developed as a variation of brinell test measurement method of hardness. Red oak with a janka rating of 1290 is the industry benchmark for comparing the relative hardness of different wood species. The measurement in america is done in poundsforce lbf and the results are put into the janka scale or chart such as the one below. Estimating janka hardness from specific gravity for tropical. May 06, 2017 the janka scale was developed by the austrian wood researcher named gabriel janka back in 1906. The test also determines how well wood can withstand dents, dings, and wear. The pale blue background indicates species growing in north america.
Woods with a higher rating are harder than woods with a lower rating. Testing is done on samples, not on actual flooring. It is not productive to take issue with the exact number, but rather understand the relative hardness of one wood to. The janka test measures the force required to embed a. The janka hardness test provies a relative scale where the higher the number indicates the harder the wood. Wood hardness chart species alphabetical hardness species by hardness hardness afromosia 1560 basswood 410 amberwood 2200 butternut 490 amendoim 60 chestnut, domestic 540 angelique 1290 douglass fir 660 aniegre 1110 yellow pine, short leaf 690 ash, domestic white 20 sycamore, american 770 ash, victorian 1010 yellow pine, long leaf 870. The test consists of measuring the amount of force required to insert a 11. Janka hardness poundsforce australian buloke 5060 schinopsis balansae quebracho colorado red quebracho 4570 lignum vitae guayacan pockenholz 4500 patagonian rosewood curupay angico preto piptadenia macrocarpa brazilian tiger mahogany 3840 snakewood letterhout piratinera guinensis 3800 brazilian olivewood 3700 brazilian. Named after its inventor, gabriel janka, the janka hardness test is a way to determine how durable a species of. A common use of janka hardness ratings is to determine whether a species is suitable for use as flooring.
The higher the number on the scale, the harder the wood. It is also a good indicator of how hard a species is to saw or nail. The higher the janka rating, the harder the timber is. If you purchase hardwoods from a retailer that does not utilize. They come from trees differing in color, moisture resistance, grain and hardness. Dec 23, 2020 thats why understanding the janka rating is critical when shopping for hardwood flooring, and were going to explain what a janka rating is and tell you how some popular species stack up on the scale. The janka hardness test is a measurement of the force necessary to embed a.
A measure of the hardness of wood, produced by a variation. I sprouted 5 seeds a few years back and planted them in a corner of my lot. The janka hardness test and hardwood floors ask builddirect. We recommend that you also print this page and attach it to the printout of the article, to. Janka hardness using nonstandard specimens forest products. It is one of the best measures of the ability of a wood species to withstand dent ing and wear. The janka hardness test measures the hardness of wood. The janka process of measuring the hardness of wood begins with embedding a steel ball 0. The janka scale is a comprehensive chart of hardness ratings for a huge variety of wood species used for hardwood floors. The janka hardness test was conducted by measuring the amount of force necessary to embed a. The scale of pencil hardness disambiguation page providing links to topics that could be referred to by the same search term this disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title hardness scales. The side hardness of teak, for example, is in the range 3730 to 4800 newtons, while the end hardness is in the range 4150 to 4500 newtons. Mar 21, 2014 the janka scale is used to determine the relative hardness of particular domestic or exotic wood species.
This rating will also indicate how difficult the species is to install. Promising strength and hardness comparable to exotics like eucalyptus 4000 5000 janka rating, strand woven bamboo is rated as one of the strongest materials on the janka scale period. The janka wood hardness scale woodwudy wholesale flooring. A common use of janka hardness ratings is to determine whether a. The hardness and density of wood is often determined by the direction of its grain.
End testing is also sometimes done that is, testing the cut surface of a stump would be sfale test of end hardness. Its also an indicator of how easy the species is when working with carpenters tools such as sawing, drilling and nailing. The test is conducted by dropping a steel ball that is. There may be variations of more or less than 20% on the scale, since this is a scientific test.
The janka rating is the most commonly used test to access the relative hardness of wood. Janka hardness table species hardness relative to american red oak wenge 3680 319% cumaru 3540 307% lapachoipe 3342 290% patagonian rosewood 2800 243% jatobabrazilian cherry 2551 221% mozambique 2220 193% santos mahongay 2200 191% tigerwood 2160 191% sucupira 2140 188% sumatra rosewood 1953 186% merbau 1925 167% amendoim 1912 166%. Australian buloke lignum vitae guayacan pockenholz patagonian rosewood. Though its good to know a trees hardness, using the janka table to help you buy your hardwood flooring may not make sense. In laymans terms it is a way to measure a woods resistance to denting.
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